Objective: The objective was to analyze the effectiveness of foam ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy treatment in saphenous veins and tributary veins with a diameter at the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction of <
10 mm and compare these results with a subgroup of veins with diameters of <10 mm….

Chronic venous insufficiency is a common disease in adulthood. One recently developed therapy for varicose veins is foam sclerotherapy. We used foam sclerotherapy in a 51-year-old man and a 33-year-old woman who had symptomatic varicose great saphenous veins and were otherwise healthy. Immediately after the…

Background: The results of surgery for small saphenous varicose vein (SSV) varicosities may be suboptimal in terms of recurrence and complications. The role of minimally invasive alternatives remains incompletely defined. The aim was to review the medium-term outcomes of ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS) for SSV….

Background: Injection sclerotherapy is widely used for superficial varicose veins. The treatment aims to obliterate the lumen of varicose veins or thread veins. There is limited evidence regarding its efficacy. Objectives: To determine whether sclerotherapy is effective in improving symptoms and cosmetic appearance and has…

Two different theories of migraine aura exist: In the vascular theory of Wolff, intracerebral vasoconstriction causes migraine aura via energy deficiency, whereas in the neuronal theory of Lea˜o and Morison, spreading depression (SD) initiates the aura. Recently, it has been shown that the cerebrovascular constrictor…

Introduction: Foam sclerotherapy has gained a great popularity among phlebologists worldwide, although a major lack of homogeneity in the material used to produce sclerosant foam (SF) and to inject SF has been reported. Aims: To highlight the literature data and a few personal clinical and…

Background: Foam sclerotherapy is a potential treatment for lower limb venous disease. Methods: A systematic review, with no restriction on study design, to assess the safety and efficacy of foam sclerotherapy. Results: 67 studies were included. For serious adverse events including pulmonary embolism and deep…

Objective: The objective of this study is to review the methods and outcome of ultrasoundguided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS) for the treatment of superficial venous incompetence. Method: Medical literature databases including Medline were searched for recent literature concerning UGFS. Papers describing methods and outcome have been…

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of traditional and endovenous treatments for patients with primary great saphenous varicose veins. Methods: A Markov model was constructed to compare costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) for great saphenous vein (GSV) reflux. Eight…

Abstract: The two sclerosants widely used in the treatment of varicose veins of the leg are tetradecyl sulphate of sodium and ethanolamine oleate. Tetradecyl sulphate of sodium is also used in the treatment of haemorrhoids and in this situation its competitor is five percent phenol…